Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics B Assignment 2 — Navier Stresses and Stokes Hypothesis
 Question #1
Recall the normal and shear strain rates: $$S_{xx}= \frac{\partial u}{\partial x}\\ S_{yy}= \frac{\partial v}{\partial y}\\$$ and $$S_{xy}=S_{yx}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}+\frac{\partial v}{\partial x} \right)\\$$ Do the following:
 (a) Prove that $S_{xx}$ and $S_{yy}$ become zero for pure translation and no volume distortion. (b) Prove that $S_{xy}$ becomes zero for pure rotation without angular distortion. Hint: start with the angles of distortion with respect to the $x$ and $y$ axes.
 02.14.20
 Question #2
Starting from the angular distortion and volume expansion of a fluid element, show that the shear stresses for a fluid with a linear stress-strain relationship become: $$\tau_{xx}=a \frac{\partial u}{\partial x}\\ \tau_{yy}=a \frac{\partial v}{\partial y}\\ \tau_{zz}=a \frac{\partial w}{\partial z}$$ and $$\tau_{xy}=\tau_{yx}=\frac{a}{2}\left(\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}+\frac{\partial v}{\partial x} \right)\\ \tau_{xz}=\tau_{zx}=\frac{a}{2}\left(\frac{\partial u}{\partial z}+\frac{\partial w}{\partial x} \right)\\ \tau_{yz}=\tau_{zy}=\frac{a}{2}\left(\frac{\partial v}{\partial z}+\frac{\partial w}{\partial y} \right)$$ where $a$ is a constant of proportionality.
 Question #3
Starting from the Navier stresses obtained in the previous section and applying Stokes hypothesis, show that the Navier-Stokes normal shear stresses become: $$\tau_{xx}=\frac{a}{2}\left(\frac{4}{3} \frac{\partial u}{\partial x}-\frac{2}{3}\frac{\partial v}{\partial y}-\frac{2}{3}\frac{\partial w}{\partial z}\right)\\ \tau_{yy}=\frac{a}{2}\left(\frac{4}{3} \frac{\partial v}{\partial y}-\frac{2}{3}\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}-\frac{2}{3}\frac{\partial w}{\partial z}\right)\\ \tau_{zz}=\frac{a}{2}\left(\frac{4}{3} \frac{\partial w}{\partial z}-\frac{2}{3}\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}-\frac{2}{3}\frac{\partial v}{\partial y}\right)$$
 Question #4
Starting from the non-constant-density and non-constant-viscosity Navier-Stokes equations and the mass conservation transport equation and the strain rates listed in the tables, show that the Navier-Stokes constant-density $y$-momentum equation corresponds to: $$\rho \left(\frac{\partial v}{\partial t} + u \frac{\partial v}{\partial x} + v \frac{\partial v}{\partial y} + w \frac{\partial v}{\partial z} \right) = -\frac{\partial P}{\partial y} + \frac{a}{2} \frac{\partial^2 v}{\partial x^2} + \frac{a}{2} \frac{\partial^2 v}{\partial y^2} + \frac{a}{2} \frac{\partial^2 v}{\partial z^2}$$ Also explain why $$a = 2\mu$$
 Question #5
Prove that the shear strain rate in $yz$ is equal to: $$S_{yz}=\frac{1}{2}\left( \frac{\partial v}{\partial z}+\frac{\partial w}{\partial y} \right)$$ Justify all your steps clearly including the factor $\frac{1}{2}$.
 Due on Tuesday February 15th at 11:00. Do Questions #1, #4, and #5 only.
 02.05.22
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